Hello...my name is Bob Ogus. i am doing research on the evolution of knighthood, Normandy before 1066, and more....all in preparation...

NORMAN WAR HORSES The Norman war horses that were used by William the Conqueror and his men were the largest and most powerful breed...

MORE INFO ON HORSES Horses drink 5-10 gallons of water a day. They can only survive 3-6 days without water. Horses cannot puke. So if...

Horses Types of horses colt: a young male horse filly: a young female horse foal: a horse less than a year old; the phrase “in foal”...

SHIELDS Shields have been used universally by warriors. The shield was often a symbol of status and function; to abandon it was a...

Please note that these come from a variety of sources and are general - they are meant to be a starting point for further discussion...

Swords of the Medieval Knight The swords of medieval Europe were greatly influenced by the Viking swords of the 11th century and earlier....

Armor of the Medieval Knight Mail At the beginning of the medieval period armor was based around a coat composed of interlocking iron...

The opinion that knights were individualistic and undisciplined is not accurate The actual training of the Norman knight is little...

Castles in England after 1066 The Norman castles building program started soon after the Norman invasion of England in 1066. Carpenters...

The motte The motte varied in size from:◦50 – 120’ in height and 50 to 300 feet in diameter The size of the motte was influenced by...

The Layout of the motte and Bailey Castle Motte and Bailey Castles were built on top of hilltops, high ground or strategically defensive...

History The motte-and-bailey castle is a particularly northern European phenomenon, most numerous in Normandy and Britain, but also seen...

I have a number of interesting images of motte and bailey castles...if you would like them please email me

Motte-And-Bailey Castles A motte-and-bailey castle was a fortification with a wooden or stone tower situated on a raised earthwork called...

Children Children were, essentially, the primary reason to marry. Among the nobility, children would perpetuate the family name and...

Viking Dogs There were several types of dogs used in the Viking Age. The great popularity of dogs as pets, working animals, and as...

My wife and I share our lives with four Akitas...she trains and shows them in various disciplines...I get to enjoy their company...here...

DO NOT USE MINUTES Ordinary medieval people rarely had occasion to measure hours, minutes, or seconds, but when necessary, they might...

we a\have all read about the lack of bathing in the dark ages; however, there is more to that story. here is some information on the...